3 jurisdictions

Middle East

Dubai wrote the world's most detailed law for construction printing.

The UAE is unusual: alongside the expected weapons restrictions, Dubai has a standalone municipal law regulating 3D printing in construction, tied to a target of having a quarter of all new buildings built using the technology.

Jurisdiction

United Arab Emirates

  1. 1

    Decree No. 24 of 2021 (Dubai Construction 3D Printing Law): requires Dubai Municipality to set technical standards, review architectural CAD designs, issue permits and inspect structural printed buildings, supporting a target of 25 percent of all new buildings being constructed using 3D printing.

  2. 2

    Federal Law No. 17 of 2019: prohibits unauthorised manufacture, assembly or modification of firearms or defence components by any technology, including FDM and metal printers.

  3. 3

    MOHAP: regulates custom additive healthcare products including printed dental crowns, surgical guides and orthopaedic implants.

Jurisdiction

Saudi Arabia

  1. 1

    Saudi Food and Drug Authority: requires healthcare facilities and manufacturers to prove biocompatibility and ISO 13485 quality management for custom printed medical devices.

  2. 2

    National firearms and dual-use controls: unlicensed weapon manufacturing is illegal under federal security statutes, and dual-use industrial metal printers such as selective laser melting systems are monitored by state industrial and security agencies.

Jurisdiction

Israel

  1. 1

    Firearms Law, 5709-1949: prohibits unlicensed production or assembly of firearms or receivers. Printed frames and functional gun components are treated as illegal weapons under existing penal statutes.

  2. 2

    Ministry of Health, Medical Equipment Division (AMAR): regulates custom patient-matched printed implants, surgical models and prosthetics, requiring documentation on material safety, printing accuracy and sterilisation.