Both criminalise the files. Mexico banned printed firearms by name.
Canada added explicit CAD and G-code provisions to its Criminal Code through Bill C-21. Mexico went further still, amending its federal firearms law to ban firearms created by three-dimensional or additive manufacturing outright.
Criminal Code section 102.1, amended via Bill C-21: an offence punishable by up to 10 years to possess, access, publish or distribute digital computer data (CAD files or G-code) intended for printing or CNC milling firearms, prohibited devices such as suppressors or high-capacity magazines, or weapon components.
Health Canada: classifies printed medical devices such as orthopaedic implants and surgical guides by risk under the Medical Devices Regulations. Manufacturers must demonstrate material safety, printing accuracy and biocompatibility.
Ley Federal de Armas de Fuego y Explosivos: major reforms to Article 8 and related provisions explicitly ban firearms created by three-dimensional manufacturing, additive techniques or handcrafted methods.
Criminal penalties: manufacturing, possessing or trafficking printed firearms or components carries felony sentences of four to eight years plus heavy fines.
SEDENA holds an absolute monopoly on civilian firearms licensing and manufacturing oversight. Producing any weapon, frame, receiver or suppressor by additive manufacturing without SEDENA authorisation is illegal arms manufacturing.
COFEPRIS: regulates printed medical products under the Reglamento de Insumos para la Salud. Patient-matched implants and surgical guides need sanitary registrations and must meet Mexican Official Standards for hygiene and biocompatibility.
Customs (SAT and ANAM): importing high-end industrial printers, dual-use metal laser sinterers or commercial units requires specific tariff classifications, and in some cases verification that the hardware will not be diverted to illicit manufacturing.
IMPI: reverse-engineering, scanning or commercialising CAD models of patented parts or registered industrial designs is industrial property infringement.